VOLVO FMX-540 8X4R

Shown exactly as published by the source and preserved for traceability.

EFKO code (manufacturer)iASTRA's numeric identifier for the MANUFACTURER named in position 10 (official field list: tgbasis.EFKO_H). Measured on the corpus: 4012 = BMW, 4017 = Volkswagen, 4023 = Ford-Werke, 4009 = Audi, 2076 = Peugeot — the leading digits group by country of the manufacturer's seat. 1,550 of 1,887 codes resolve to exactly one manufacturer name; the remainder reflect the free-text name and address changing over time, so the CODE is the stable manufacturer key that the name string is not. A different EFKO code (EFKO_FZ) denotes the vehicle kind — the two must not be conflated. [10 EFKO-Code]

6404

ManufactureriManufacturer legal name and address; retroactively updated to the current legal entity. [10 Hersteller]

VOLVO TRUCK CORPORATION, S-40508 GOETEBORG / SWEDEN

Manufacturer's plateiManufacturer's identification plate — the marking as stamped on the maker's plate for physical verification. [11 Herstellerplakette]

an der Innenseite der rechten Türe

Chassis / VIN numberiChassis number (VIN) recorded for the approval. [12 Fahrgestellnummer]

rechts, vorn seitlich am Längsträger

Axles / wheelsiAxle count over wheel count in the format {axles}/{wheels} (e.g. 2/4). [14 Achsen/Räder]

4/8

SuspensioniSuspension type (free text, e.g. "Schraubenfedern; Stossdämpfer"). [15 Federung]

Blatt- oder Luftfederung; Stossdämpfer

SteeringiSteering system (free text). [16 Lenkung]

mech., ww. elektr. oder hydr. Lenkhilfe

Gearbox (transmission)iPrimary gearbox code (e.g. m5 = manual 5-speed, a6 = automatic 6-speed). [18 Getriebe 1]

m? · Manual gearbox, a variable number of forward gears Interpreted from raw official valueiDerived from the raw ASTRA value (abbreviation list / Wegleitung); not an official code-table label.

Gearbox 2 (variant)iSecondary gearbox code for a vehicle with an optional transmission variant. [18 Getriebe 2]

a6 · Automatic gearbox, 6 gears Interpreted from raw official valueiDerived from the raw ASTRA value (abbreviation list / Wegleitung); not an official code-table label.

Gearbox 3 (variant)iThird gearbox code for a vehicle offered with several transmission variants (ASTRA Wegleitung Grp 1-3, position 18 'Getriebe / i.A. / Zuordnung'; official field list: tgbasis.GETR3). [18 Getriebe 3]

m?a · Automated manual gearbox, a variable number of forward gears Interpreted from raw official valueiDerived from the raw ASTRA value (abbreviation list / Wegleitung); not an official code-table label.

Final-drive ratio (iA)iFinal-drive / axle ratio (iAchse) for gearbox 1 (e.g. 3,17). [18 iA 1]

2,31-7,21

Final-drive ratio (iA) 2iFinal-drive / axle ratio (iAchse) belonging to gearbox 2 — each transmission variant carries its own ratio (position 18; tgbasis.ACHSE2). [18 iA 2]

2,31-7,21

Final-drive ratio (iA) 3iFinal-drive / axle ratio (iAchse) belonging to gearbox 3 (position 18; tgbasis.ACHSE3). [18 iA 3]

2,31-7,21

Max automatic speed (to)iAutomatic-transmission maximum speed, upper bound (km/h) of a von–bis range. A "0" here is not a measured bound; its meaning is not established by an authoritative ASTRA source — the raw value is preserved and shown as-is. [19 Fahrzeug Vmax autom bis]

0

Max automatic speed (from)iAutomatic-transmission maximum speed, lower bound (km/h). [19 Fahrzeug Vmax autom von]

90

Max mechanical speed (to)iMechanically limited maximum speed, upper bound (km/h) of a von–bis range. A "0" here is not a measured bound; its meaning is not established by an authoritative ASTRA source — the raw value is preserved and shown as-is. [19 Fahrzeug Vmax mech bis]

0

Max mechanical speed (from)iMechanically limited maximum speed, lower bound (km/h). [19 Fahrzeug Vmax mech von]

90

Service brake, line 1iService (main) brake description, remark line 1 (free text). [20 Betriebsbremse Z1]

pneum., Kreise-A1+A2/A3+A4;

Service brake, line 2iService brake description, remark line 2 (free text). [20 Betriebsbremse Z2]

A1-A4 Scheiben oder Trommeln;

Service brake, line 3iService (main) brake description, remark line 3 (free text). [20 Betriebsbremse Z3]

ABS mit EBV/EPB; Druck p2= 10,50 bar

Auxiliary brakeiAuxiliary (secondary) brake description (free text). [21 Hilfsbremse Z1]

ww. Kreise der Betriebsbremse oder

Auxiliary brake, line 2iAuxiliary (secondary) brake description, remark line 2 (free text). The Wegleitung states that the principles of position 20 (Betriebsbremse) apply and that the description follows the service brake's — transmission, brake type, effect on which wheels/axle (ASTRA Wegleitung Grp 1-3, position 21; tgdtxt.HILFBRE2). [21 Hilfsbremse Z2]

wie Feststellbremse

Parking brakeiParking (hand) brake description (free text). [22 Feststellbremse]

Federspeicher, siehe Bemerkungen

Endurance brake (retarder)iEndurance / continuous brake — the wear-free system used to hold speed on long descents, distinct from the service brake. Observed source values follow the Wegleitung's examples: exhaust-pressure braking, EVB (Exhaust Valve Brake), constant throttle, and retarders (ASTRA Wegleitung Grp 1-3, position 23, which applies the position-20 principles; tgdtxt.DAUERBRE). [23 Dauerbremse]

Staudruck; siehe Bemerkungen

Engine makeiEngine manufacturer brand; may differ from the vehicle brand. [25 Motor Marke]

VOLVO

Engine typeiEngine type designation (the Motorkennzeichen as stamped on the block). [25 Motor Typ]

D13K540(V)EUVI

Engine constructioniEngine construction as strokes / cylinders / layout-induction (e.g. "4-Takt / 4 / Reihe-Inj."). [26 Bauart]

4-Takt / 6 / Reihe-T-DI

Power at (rpm)iEngine speed (rpm) at which maximum power is reached. [28 Leistung n]

1800

Max torque at (rpm)iEngine speed (rpm) at which maximum torque is reached. [29 Md. max n]

1000

Max torque (Nm)iMaximum torque (Drehmoment) in newton-metres. [29 Md. max Nm]

2652

Exhaust after-treatmentiExhaust-gas cleaning / after-treatment system (structured free text). [30 Abgasreinigung]

siehe Bemerkungen

Muffler 1 (kind)iSilencer/muffler 1 — type/kind. [31 Schalldämpfer 1 Art]

HS · Main silenceriSource term (ASTRA, German): «Hauptschalldämpfer» [HS]

Muffler 1 (designation)iSilencer/muffler 1 — designation/part reference (Bezeichnung). [31 Schalldämpfer 1 Bez]

siehe Bemerkungen

Muffler 2 (kind)iSilencer/muffler 2 — type/kind. [32 Schalldämpfer 2 Art]

NS · Rear silenceriSource term (ASTRA, German): «Nachschalldämpfer» [NS]

Muffler 2 (designation)iSilencer/muffler 2 — designation/part reference. [32 Schalldämpfer 2 Bez]

1/ww. ohne/mit 21858894, 21858896

Engine code/markingiEngine identification marking stamped on the engine. [34 Motorkennzeichen]

D13

Engine marking locationiWhere the engine marking is affixed (e.g. "auf Motorblock"). [34 Motorkennzeichen Anbringungsort]

vor Motornummer links, vorn seitlich am Motorblock

Noise suppression, line 1iNoise-damping / sound-suppression measures, remark line 1 (free text). [35 Geräuschdämpfung Z1]

Motortunnel mit Absorptionsmaterial belegt,

Noise suppression, line 2iNoise-damping / sound-suppression measures, remark line 2 (free text). ASTRA Wegleitung Grp 1-3, position 35 'Geräuschdämpfung'; tgdtxt.GERDAMP2. [35 Geräuschdämpfung Z2]

Absorptionsblenden beidseitig vom Motor an

Noise suppression, line 3iNoise-damping / sound-suppression measures, remark line 3 (free text). Position 35; tgdtxt.GERDAMP3. [35 Geräuschdämpfung Z3]

Kabine und Rahmen

Total seats (to)iTotal number of seating positions, upper bound of a von–bis range. A "0" here is not a measured bound; its meaning is not established by an authoritative ASTRA source — the raw value is preserved and shown as-is. [37 Anzahl Plätze Total bis]

6

Total seats (from)iTotal number of seating positions, lower bound. [37 Anzahl Plätze Total von]

2

Front seats (to)iNumber of front seating positions, upper bound of a von–bis range. A "0" here is not a measured bound; its meaning is not established by an authoritative ASTRA source — the raw value is preserved and shown as-is. [37 Anzahl Plätze vorne bis]

3

Front seats (from)iNumber of front seating positions, lower bound. [37 Anzahl Plätze vorne von]

2

Number of doorsiNumber of doors. [38 Anzahl Türen]

2-4

Rear-view mirroriRear-view mirror equipment / description (free text). [39 Rückspiegel]

links+rechts

Length (to)iVehicle length, upper bound (mm) of a von–bis range. A "0" here is not a measured bound; its meaning is not established by an authoritative ASTRA source — the raw value is preserved and shown as-is. [40 Länge bis]

0

Length (from)iVehicle length, lower bound (mm). [40 Länge von]

0

Width (to)iVehicle width, upper bound (mm). [41 Breite bis]

0

Width (from)iVehicle width, lower bound (mm). [41 Breite von]

0

Height (to)iVehicle height, upper bound (mm). [42 Höhe bis]

0

Height (from)iVehicle height, lower bound (mm). [42 Höhe von]

0

Rear overhang (to)iRear overhang, upper bound (mm). [43 Überhang hinten bis]

0

Rear overhang (from)iRear overhang, lower bound (mm). [43 Überhang hinten von]

0

Front overhang (to)iFront overhang, upper bound (mm). [43 Überhang vorne bis]

0

Front overhang (from)iFront overhang, lower bound (mm). [43 Überhang vorne von]

0

Wheelbase axle 1-2 (to)iWheelbase (axle 1 to axle 2), upper bound (mm). [44 Abstand Achse 1-2 bis]

5200

Wheelbase axle 1-2 (from)iWheelbase (axle 1 to axle 2), lower bound (mm). [44 Abstand Achse 1-2 von]

1995

Wheelbase axle 2-3 (to)iWheelbase (axle 2 to axle 3), upper bound (mm). [45 Abstand Achse 2-3 bis]

4405

Wheelbase axle 2-3 (from)iWheelbase (axle 2 to axle 3), lower bound (mm). [45 Abstand Achse 2-3 von]

1320

Wheelbase axle 3-4 (to)iWheelbase (axle 3 to axle 4), upper bound (mm). [46 Abstand Achse 3-4 bis]

1430

Wheelbase axle 3-4 (from)iWheelbase (axle 3 to axle 4), lower bound (mm). [46 Abstand Achse 3-4 von]

1370

Track axle 1 (to)iTrack width of axle 1 (front), upper bound (mm). [47 Spur Achse 1 bis]

2191

Track axle 1 (from)iTrack width of axle 1 (front), lower bound (mm). [47 Spur Achse 1 von]

1991

Track axle 2 (to)iTrack width of axle 2, upper bound (mm). [48 Spur Achse 2 bis]

2250

Track axle 2 (from)iTrack width of axle 2, lower bound (mm). [48 Spur Achse 2 von]

1816

Track axle 3 (to)iTrack width of axle 3, upper bound (mm). [49 Spur Achse 3 bis]

1910

Track axle 3 (from)iTrack width of axle 3, lower bound (mm). [49 Spur Achse 3 von]

1816

Track axle 4 (to)iTrack width of axle 4, upper bound (mm). [50 Spur Achse 4 bis]

2132

Track axle 4 (from)iTrack width of axle 4, lower bound (mm). [50 Spur Achse 4 von]

1812

Unladen weight (to)iUnladen (kerb) weight, upper bound (kg). [52 Leergewicht bis]

0

Unladen weight (from)iUnladen (kerb) weight, lower bound (kg). [52 Leergewicht von]

0

Guaranteed weight / GVW (to)iGuaranteed gross vehicle weight, upper bound (kg). [53 Garantiegewicht bis]

52000

Guaranteed weight / GVW (from)iGuaranteed gross vehicle weight, lower bound (kg). [53 Garantiegewicht von]

37000

Guaranteed axle weight rear (to)iGuaranteed rear-axle weight, upper bound (kg). [54 Achsgarantie h bis]

0

Guaranteed axle weight rear (from)iGuaranteed rear-axle weight, lower bound (kg). [54 Achsgarantie h von]

0

Guaranteed axle weight front (to)iGuaranteed front-axle weight, upper bound (kg). [54 Achsgarantie v bis]

0

Guaranteed axle weight front (from)iGuaranteed front-axle weight, lower bound (kg). [54 Achsgarantie v von]

0

Roof loadiMaximum permitted roof load (kg). [55 Dachlast]

0

Trailer load, braked (automatic)iMaximum braked trailer load, automatic coupling (kg). [57 gebremst autom]

0

Trailer load, brakediMaximum braked trailer load (kg). [57 gebremst mech]

0

Trailer load, unbraked (automatic)iMaximum unbraked trailer load, automatic coupling (kg). [58 ungebremst autom]

0

Trailer load, unbrakediMaximum unbraked trailer load (kg). [58 ungebremst mech]

0

Trailer load with overrun brake (automatic)iMaximum trailer load with overrun brake, automatic-gearbox version (kg). [59 mit Auflaufbremse autom]

0

Trailer load with overrun brakeiMaximum trailer load with overrun (inertia) brake, mechanical-gearbox version (kg). [59 mit Auflaufbremse mech]

0

Trailer load, centre-axle trailer (automatic)iMaximum load for a centre-axle trailer, automatic-gearbox version (kg). [60 Zentralachsanhänger autom]

0

Trailer load, centre-axle traileriMaximum load for a centre-axle trailer, mechanical-gearbox version (kg). [60 Zentralachsanhänger mech]

0

Trailer load, centre-axle trailer with ABS (automatic)iMaximum load for a centre-axle trailer with ABS, automatic-gearbox version (kg). [61 Zentralachsanh. /ABS autom]

0

Trailer load, centre-axle trailer with ABSiMaximum load for a centre-axle trailer with ABS, mechanical-gearbox version (kg). [61 Zentralachsanh. /ABS mech]

0

Trailer load, turntable-steered trailer (automatic)iMaximum load for a turntable-steered drawbar trailer, automatic-gearbox version (kg). [62 Drehschemellenkung autom]

0

Trailer load, turntable-steered traileriMaximum load for a turntable-steered (Drehschemel) drawbar trailer, mechanical-gearbox version (kg). [62 Drehschemellenkung mech]

0

Trailer load, turntable-steered trailer with ABS (automatic)iMaximum load for a turntable-steered drawbar trailer with ABS, automatic-gearbox version (kg). [63 Drehschemellenk./ABS autom]

0

Trailer load, turntable-steered trailer with ABSiMaximum load for a turntable-steered drawbar trailer with ABS, mechanical-gearbox version (kg). [63 Drehschemellenk./ABS mech]

0

Trailer load, semi-trailer (automatic)iMaximum load for a semi-trailer, automatic-gearbox version (kg). [64 Sattelanhänger autom]

0

Trailer load, semi-traileriMaximum load for a semi-trailer (fifth-wheel), mechanical-gearbox version (kg). [64 Sattelanhänger mech]

0

Trailer load, semi-trailer with ABS (automatic)iMaximum load for a semi-trailer with ABS, automatic-gearbox version (kg). [65 Sattelanhänger/ABS autom]

0

Trailer load, semi-trailer with ABSiMaximum load for a semi-trailer with ABS, mechanical-gearbox version (kg). [65 Sattelanhänger/ABS mech]

0

Gross combination weight (automatic)iMaximum gross combination weight, automatic coupling (kg). [66 Gesamtzuggewicht autom]

70000

Gross combination weightiMaximum gross combination weight (vehicle + trailer) (kg). [66 Gesamtzuggewicht mech]

70000

Coupling / nose weight (automatic)iMaximum vertical coupling (nose) load, automatic coupling (kg). [67 Stützlast autom]

0

Coupling / nose weightiMaximum vertical coupling (nose) load at the trailer hitch (kg). [67 Stützlast mech]

0

Nose weight / trailer-coupling factor (automatic)iNose weight and/or trailer-coupling-device factor, automatic-gearbox version. [67 Stützlast/Faktor Anh.Vorr. autom]

0

Nose weight / trailer-coupling factoriVertical coupling (nose) load and/or trailer-coupling-device factor, mechanical-gearbox version. [67 Stützlast/Faktor Anh.Vorr. mech]

0

Remark 1iFree-text remark line 1 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z1]

08/75) a) = Normalfahrzeug, b) = Geländefahrzeug (VTS Art. 12/3): Bei der Einzelabnahme festlegen

Remark 3iFree-text remark line 3 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z3]

14) ww. mit Liftachse A2 oder A4

Remark 4iFree-text remark line 4 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z4]

17) G; A1+A2+A3 od. A1+A3+A4 od. A2+A3+A4; A1 od. A2 und ww. A4 ausschaltbar, A1 od. A2 mit hydr. Zusatzantrieb

Remark 5iFree-text remark line 5 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z5]

18) m?= ww. m8, m12 / m?a= m12a (I-Shift)

Remark 6iFree-text remark line 6 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z6]

19) Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzungseinrichtung

Remark 7iFree-text remark line 7 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z7]

22) ww. A1+A2, A1+A3, A2+A3, A1+A2+A3, A1+A2+A4, A1+A3+A4, A2+A3+A4, A1+A2+A3+A4

Remark 8iFree-text remark line 8 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z8]

23) a.W. Retarder, Kompressions-Motorbremse

Remark 9iFree-text remark line 9 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z9]

25) VOLVO D13K540EUVI oder D13K540VEUVI

Remark 10iFree-text remark line 10 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z10]

30) ww. KP: in HS oder K: 1/ww. 21427939, 23414249 und P: 1/21521100

Remark 12iFree-text remark line 12 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z12]

31) HS: 1/ww. 21364816, 21364818, 21364820, 21364822, 21364824, 21364827

Remark 13iFree-text remark line 13 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z13]

22396037, 22396039, 22396043, 22495989, 22495991, 22495993, 23414241, 23414243, 23414245

Remark 15iFree-text remark line 15 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z15]

36) Abdeckungen an Scheibenrädern erforderlich, wenn Radbolzen bzw. Radmuttern über die Felgen ragen

Remark 17iFree-text remark line 17 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z17]

54) A1= 7500-10000 kg; A2= 7500-13000 kg; A3= 8750-16000 kg; A4= 7500-16000 kg

Remark 19iFree-text remark line 19 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z19]

66) max. 70000 kg mit Federspeicher an 2 Achsen; Angaben gemäss Herstellerschild

Remark 20iFree-text remark line 20 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z20]

max. 120000 kg mit Federspeicher an 3 Achsen; Angaben gemäss Herstellerschild

Remark 21iFree-text remark line 21 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z21]

max. 145000 kg mit Federspeicher an 4 Achsen; Angaben gemäss Herstellerschild

Remark 22iFree-text remark line 22 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z22]

max. 170000 kg mit Federspeicher an 4 Achsen und Bestätigung Importeur; Angaben gemäss Herstellerschild

Remark 24iFree-text remark line 24 from the type approval (Bemerkungen). [Bemerkungen Z24]

07/08/36/37/51) bei der Einzelabnahme festlegen/kontrollieren

Type-approval extension: changed positionsiWhich positions of the type approval a later EXTENSION changed (official field list: tgbasis.POS). Slash-separated position numbers, e.g. "05/09/72" or "09/30/72"; an entry may instead cite a remark line ("09/Bem.05/72"), and 4,352 approvals carry the free-text label "Entzugsdatum und Begründung" (withdrawal date and reason) in this field rather than position numbers. The date of the extension is published separately as the approval's extension date. [Erweiterung TG Positionen]

16/21/22/30/31/66/Bem